Method and apparatus for making photographic film backing paper with thin edges



J. G. JONES ET AL 1,809,415 PPARATUS FOR MAKING PHOTOGRAPHIC CKING PAPERWITH THIN EDGES Filed Sept. 25, 1929 METHOD AND A FILM BA June 9, 1931.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 3144x144? E LI GT1. 5

June 9, 1931 J. G. JONES ET AL 1,809,415

' METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM BACKING PAPER WITHTHIN EDGES Filed Sept. 25, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 g'wuentoz Jail-J1 EL.Jana:

attoznmp Patented June 9, 1931 units 6:

JOHN G. JONES AND HAYWOOD G. DEVZEY, OF RiOGF-IESTER, NEW YORK,ASSIGNQRS TO EA$TMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, HEX/V YORK, ACORPORATION OF NEW YORK IJIE'EHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKINGHIIO'IOGB-APHIC FILM BACKIBTG' PAPER. WITH THIN EDGES Application filedSeptember 25, 1929. Serial No. 335,014.

This invention relates to a machine and a methodfor making long stripsof paper having at least one edge of the paper thinner than theremaining portion thereof. Such strips are used particularly inconnection with the photographic film cartridges in the prevention oflight leak between a. film spool flange and the convolutions of paperand film wound on the spool. i

One object of our invention is to provide a machine for reducing thethickness of portions of a sheet of paper while in a stretchedcondition. Another object of our invention is to provide a machine witha suitable means for reducing the thickness of paper and to provide areadily adjustable means for taking care of the thickness of thematerial removed. Another object of our invention is to provide amachine in which the desired area to be removed can be accuratelycontrolled. Another object of our invention is to provide a support uponwhich the paper is stretched, areas of the paper having ribs stretchedinto the surface of the sheet. Another object of our invention is toprovide a plurality of adjustable anvils over which arelatively widesheet of paper is stretched, small ridges on the anvils stretchingridges into the paper and a suitable mechanism removing a predeterminedportion of the paper ridges. Still another objectof'our invention is toprovide a 'machine through which the paper may pass continuously whilethe edges of the strips may be thinned and the dust cleaned from thesheet before the separate strips are wound into rolls.

A still further object of our invention is to provide a method ofstretching a sheet of paper and thinning the stretched portions, andother objects will appear from the 'following specification, the novelfeatures being particularly pointed out in the claims at the end hereof.

This machine is an improvement over the machines 'for producing paperwith thin edges shown in the following two patents; 1,494,604, J. G.Jones, May 20, 1924, and 1,634,997, J. G. Jones, July 5, 1927.. Sinceportions of the present machine-may be substantially like the machinesshown in these patents, only the novel features will be described in thepresent specification and reference may be had to these two patents toshow the usual path of the paper before it reaches the thinningmechanism.

Coming now to the drawings wherein like reference characters denote likeparts throughout Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation showing thepath of a sheet of paper through a machine constructed in accordancewith and embodying a preferred form of my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary side viewof a portion of thebrush-adjusting mechanism; Y

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view through an anvil showing parts ofthe anvil-adjusting mechanism;

Fig. i is a diagrammatic plan view show ing the position of a series ofanvils togethei with the carriages on whichthe'seanvils are mounted i F5 is greatly enlarged sectional View through an anvil showing the paperstrip with a ridge stretched into the paper and with a wire brush forreducing'thethickness of the stretched paper;

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic fragmentary sec tion of a portion of afilmspool with photographic film interwound' with paper having thin edges;and

7 is a fragmentary sectional view through a thin edge paper strip on anexaggerated scale.

-Referring to the two patents of J. G. Jones relating to machines formaking paper with thinned edges, the paper is mounted on a roll anddrawn over a series of rollers mounted in an arcuate form in what isgenerally known as a turtle back. I

This merely guides the paper correctly to the. mechanism which is shownin Fig. 1 wherein the paper strip P is shown as approaching roller 1after having been drawn over a turtle back. From roller 1 the paperpasses over an anvil 2 which has a crown 3 as best shown in Fig. 5. Theanvil is preferably in the form of a Wheel having a perfectly smoothperiphery and the crown 3 is raised from this periphery as indicated inthe drawings.

After passing over the anvil 2 the paper is wound about a tensioningmechanism which consists of the rollers 4, and 6. Roller 4 is carried bya shaft '7, roller 5 by a shaft 8 and roller 6 by a shaft 9. From theserollers the paper strip passes over the guide roller 10 which turns on ashaft 11 and thence between a pair of slittingknives .12, these knivesbeing carried by a pair of spaced shafts 13. After being slit, theseparate strips of paper 79 are led through a cleaning chamber 14 inwhich a pair of soft brushes 15 are driven by shafts 16 in a directionopposite to that in which the paper is travelling as indicated by thearrows. Any dust remaining on the paper is carried off by the vacuumpipe 17.

\Vhen the paper is drawn over the anvil 2, the crown 3 of the anvilforms a ridge in the paper since the strip material is under suflicienttension to hold it closely upon the smooth peripheries of the anvil. Ifpaper is removed from the machine at this point, there will be a seriesof ridges, one ridge for each anvil crown stretched permanently into thesurface of the paper.

The stretched portion of the paper shown as 18 in Fig. 5 is reduced inthickness by means of the bristles: 19 of a wire brush 20 rotated bypower shaft 21 in the direction shown by the arrow. These brushes areenclosed in a casing 22 from which the air is drawn by a vacuum pipe 23to quickly remove the paper dust caused by the rapidly rotating wheel.

*Referring to Fig. 5, the paper ridgelS which has been stretched intothe paper sheet P is reduced in thickness since the bristles 19 of thebrufh cut off the top of the stretched paper ridge as indicated at Theanvils 2 are not power driven but are mounted to rotate freely upon ashaft 25 which is supported on a bracket 26 which can be moved in twodirections. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4 the bracket may be supported uponan arm 27 which is slidably mounted in a carriage 28. The lower part 29of this carriage is provided with a pair of slideways 30 which engage atrack 31 on the frame 32 of the machine. These anvils may slide uponthis track to vary the space between the anvils.

In order to move in a direction at right angles to that of the track.the arm 27 is mounted to slide in a way 33 under the influence of ascrew 34 which an internal thread 35. This screw may be turned throughthe gear 36, worm wheel. 37 and worm 38, the latter terminating as bestshown in 4 in av square end shaft 39 which projects to one side ofthecarriage. so that the alignment of any one of the anvils 2 can.

be adjusted by turning a nut 39 whether the machine is running orstanding still.

In practice the anvils are carefully aligned up and the machine isstarted. From visual examination it can readily be seen whether or notall of the anvils stretch ridges equally in the surface of the sheet ofpaper. If some are less prominentthan others, the nut 39 may be adjusteduntil the pressure of the different parts of the sheet exerted by thecrowns 0f the anvils will produce similar stretched ridges.

In starting the machine and in order to be able to visually adjust theanvils, provision is made for moving the paper without having thebrushes 20 in positionto remove some of the material.

The amount of paper removed by the wire brushes may be varied at will bythe operator while the paper is being skived, by ad justing the anvilsby means of the-square end shaft 39 thus giving a skived ed ge of thedesired thickness. 7

Referring to Fig. 2, the anvil 2 is shown as being mounted upon asuitable shaft 40 which is adjustably mounted with respect to the frameof the machine. The brush 20 is carried by a shaft 21 which is movablysupported. Shaft 21 is carried by a bracket 41 which may turn upon theshaft 8 when the arm 43 is moved by the cam 44, this cam being formed inlink 45 which turns upon a stud 46 when actuated through an arm 47pivotally connected at 48 to the link. The cam slot 44 is arrangedsothat when the link is in one position the brush will be shown in anoperative or cutting position. as indicated in full line.

Vhen the shaft 47 is moved to the broken line position, the bracket 41.is rocked, mov ing the brush 20 to the position shown in broken lines inwhich the bristles 19 of the brush do not contact with a paper stripstretched over the anvils.

The bracket 41 also carries a bearing 49 which is connected by shaft 50to the arm 43, this arm having lugs 51 extending out to each side of thepivotal point. Through lugs 51 there are adjustment screws 52 which areprovided with lock nuts 53, the screws and lock nuts being used to getthe proper initial setting of the wire brushes with respect to thea-nvils and to adjust for the wear of the bristles 19.

Arm 47 is connected at one end, opposite to 48. to the clutch leverwhich starts and stops the machine. the action being such that the wirebrushes are moved away from contact with the paper just before themachine stops. by brushes running in contact with same while stationary.

Shaft 8 is driven by an independent source ofpower (not shown) from therest of the machine, and the movement of the wire This prevents tearingof the paper brushes is in an opposite direction (as shown by the arrow)to the movement of the paper strip.

After the paper strip P passes over roller 10 it passes between a seriesof cutting knives 12 of which there are the same number as there areanvils, each pair of cutting knives being spaced the same distance apartas the crowns on the anvils. The knives, therefore, slit through thecentral portion of the strip paper ridge 18 and the remaining paperstrips, which as indicated in Fig. 7 on a greatly enlarged scale, have acentral portion which is substantially flat. Ridge edges 61 curve awayfrom the smooth central portion, the upper edges 62 of the ridges beingeach thinner than the major portion of the Sheet as material has beenremoved from these portions by the wire brushes.

The anvils 2 are of comparatively small size, although they are somewhatlarger than the film cores on which the convolutions of paper and filmare wound to form what is known as a film cartridge. A portion of such afilm cartridge is shown in Fig. 6. T he film core 70 supporting sideflanges 71 and having wound thereon convolutions of film 72 interleavedwith backing paper P which may have thinned edges made in accordancewith my present invention.

Since the ridges 18 are stretched into the paper sheet while it is in anarcuate form stretched tightly around the anvils, the ridges may wrinklesomewhat when the strips of paper P which have been cut from the largesheet are held with the major surface in a substantially plane position.

However, when. the paper strips p are wound on a film spool, thewrinkles in the stretched and thinned edges flatten out, forming asmooth arcuate curve as indicated at 73 in Fig. 6 which lies evenlyagainst the inside vall 74 of the film spool flanges 71.

Of course, in passing through'a camera, the

l extreme edges of the paper may wrinkle slightly, but because of thestretched and thinned edges of the strips, this slight wrinkling doesnot in any way prevent the paper from passing smoothly through camerasof the standard types.

Since it is most necessary to protect the film 72 from light which tendsto enter be tween the film spool flanges 71 and the edges of the backingpaper, the thinned edges 62 lie smooth all the time the backing paper iswound on a spool. That is, before and after exposure in a camera. This,as above explained, is caused by stretching the paper sheet tightly overcrown anvils of comparatively small size. While it is possible to makethe anvils of exactly the same size as a standard film core if desired,we have found that with anvils larger than the film spool cores entirelysatisfactory results can be obtained and that wrinkling of the thinnededges when wound on a film is practically eliminated.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a paper skiving machine,'the combination with an anvil having asmooth surface, of-a crown on the smooth surface of the anvil, means forstretching a sheet of paper over the anvil whereby a ridge is stretchedin the surface of the paper sheet and mechanism for reducing thethickness of the stretched ridge.

2. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with an anvil having asmooth surface, of a crown on the smooth surface of the anvil, means forstretching a sheet of paper over the anvil and a device for reducing thethickness of the sire ched paper ridge while supported by the crownedanvil.

3. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with an annular anvilhaving a smooth surface on an annular crown on the surface of the anvil,means for stretching a sheet of paper over the anvil and moving thepaper strip to produce a ridge therein and a wire brush adapted toremove a portion of the stretched ridge of paper.

4-. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with an anvil in theform of a roller, a crown extending around. a portion of the roller,means for stretching a sheet of paper over the roller and for stretchingridges in that part of the paper which lies upon the crown, of a wirebrush for removing a por tion of the thickness of the stretched paper rid gc, said wire brush being so located that it will contact with thestretched paper edge while supported on the anvil but will not contactwith the remaining portion of the paper sheet.

5. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with a plurality ofrotary anvils having crowns, one on each anvil, means for stretching asheet of paper tightly against each anvil and over the crowns of theanvils and a plurality of wire brushes adapted to remove a portion ofthe stretched paper ridges while supported on the crowns of the anvils.

6. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with a plurality ofanvils having smooth surfaces of a plurality of crowns on the anvils, aplurality of carriages carrying the anvils, means for moving thecarriages independently in two directions and independent adjustmentmeans for each carriage.

7. In a paper skiving machine, a combination with a plurality of anvilshaving smooth surface of a plurality of crowns, one for each anvil,shafts adapted to support said anvils in a. relatively fixed position, aplurality of wire brushes mounted to move toward and from said anvils,mechanism for moving a sheet of paper over said anvils to providesufficient tension for stretching ridges into on i said paper sheet, oneridge being stretched by each crown, said wire brushes being adapted tomove toward said anvils a suflicient distance to remove a portion of thestretched paper ridges which are formed by the crowns of the anvils.

8. The method of making strips of paper with thin stretched edgescomprising the formation of stretched ridges in the paper and reducingthe thickness of the stretched ridges.

9. The method of making strips of paper with thin stretched edges thatcomprises forming spaced, stretched ridges in a wide strip of paper,reducing the thickness of the ridges and slitting the paperlongitudinally of the ridges.

10. The method of making narrow strips of paper with thin stretchededges that comprises forming a wide sheet of paper with a plurality ofparallel stretched ridges, removing a portion of the stretched ridgesand slitting through the remaining thickness of the stretched ridges.

11. The method of making strips of paper with thin stretched edgesadapted to lie smoothly on a cylindrical surface which comprisesstretching a sheet of paper over a smooth crowned cylindrical surfaceand removing a portionot the stretched paper lying over a portion of thecylindrical crown.

12. The method of makin paper strips with thin edges adapted to liesmoothly on a cylindrical surface comprising taking a wide strip oipaper and drawing it tightly over a crowned cylindrical surface removingportions of the paper stretched Over the crowns, slitting the paperthrough stretched portions to provide a series oi thin edged paperstrips.

[3. The method of making a paper strip with thin edges adapted to liesmoothly on a cylindrical. surface comprising stretching a. strip ofpaper to form ridges therein by passing over cylindrical. surfaces,thinning the ridges, stretched therein whereby said thinned edges maywrinkle when the stretched paper is drawn out fiat.

Signed at Rochester, New York this 19th day of September, 1929.

JOHN G. JONES. HAYWOOD G. DEWEY.

